ITIL 4 vs ITIL (Version 5): What Changed, What Stayed the Same, and What to Do Next

The IT service management landscape is undergoing a fundamental shift, and ITIL is evolving to match it. ITIL Version 5 represents what its creators call "an evolution, not a revolution", expanding the framework's scope from IT Service Management (ITSM) to comprehensive Digital Product and Service Management (DPSM). 

So what exactly has changed, and what does it mean for your career and organization?  Let's explore what's different, what's stayed the same, and how to navigate this transition successfully.

What Is ITIL 4?

ITIL 4 is the fourth iteration of the Information Technology Infrastructure Library, serving as the world's most widely adopted framework for IT Service Management (ITSM) from 2019-2025. ITIL has been the gold standard for managing risk and cost-effective practices for nearly 40 years, but ITIL 4 specifically updated the framework for the digital age by shifting the focus from rigid, siloed processes to the co-creation of value.

It moved away from the old "follow these exact steps" approach and instead offered a flexible, holistic operating model that works alongside methodologies like Agile, DevOps, and Lean. For professionals, ITIL 4 isn't just a rulebook, it's a practical toolkit designed to ensure that every technical activity connects directly to business outcomes and stakeholder needs.

ITIL 4 introduced several key innovations:

• Service Value System (SVS): Replaced the rigid Service Lifecycle model with a more flexible approach focused on continuous value creation
• Four Dimensions Model: A holistic view covering Organizations and People, Information and Technology, Partners and Suppliers, and Value Streams and Processes
• Guiding Principles: 7 universal principles (focus on value, start where you are, progress iteratively with feedback, collaborate and promote visibility, think and work holistically, keep it simple and practical, optimize and automate)
• Service Value Chain: A new operating model with six activities: Plan, Improve, Engage, Design & Transition, Obtain/Build, and Deliver & Support
• Practices instead of Processes: Shifted from 26 processes to 34 management practices, giving organizations more flexibility in how they implement ITIL
• Value Co-creation: Changed the mindset from delivering services TO customers to creating value WITH them

Why ITIL (Version 5) Was Introduced

ITIL (Version 5) is the 2026 update that replaces ITIL 4 as the global standard for IT Service Management. It's designed specifically for the human-centric, AI-driven world of Industry 5.0, moving from a service-oriented focus to an integrated Digital Product and Service Management model.

This version acknowledges that modern operating environments are no longer predictable. While ITIL 4 introduced value streams, ITIL (Version 5) goes further by helping organizations stop managing in silos and start delivering end-to-end value through a unified lifecycle built for speed and agility.

What sets this update apart is its AI-native design and focus on Digital Experience (DX). Instead of treating AI as an external tool, ITIL (Version 5) provides a practical roadmap for governing automation and managing the complexity it introduces. It prioritizes how stakeholders actually experience value through human-centered design... going beyond simple uptime and technical metrics.

ITIL 4 vs ITIL (Version 5): What's the Difference?

Each iteration of ITIL builds on what worked before, refining and expanding rather than scrapping everything and starting from scratch. The transition from ITIL 4 to Version 5 follows that same evolutionary pattern, though the scope of change runs deeper than previous updates. ITIL 4 modernized IT service management for modern businesses... Agile methodologies, DevOps workflows, value streams. It addressed how teams operate, which was a necessary recalibration.

The new ITIL, however, fundamentally reframes what organizations are managing in the first place. Where ITIL 4 improved your operational toolkit, ITIL (Version 5) essentially redefines your role. The framework now extends beyond traditional IT Service Management (which had started feeling constrained) into what's termed Digital Product and Service Management. Broader in scope. More ambitious in vision. And explicitly architected for environments where AI functions as the core engine rather than an experimental bolt-on feature.

The foundational principles remain intact... nobody's asking you to abandon what already works. What's shifting is the framework's structural approach itself. Version 5 moves away from rigid, process-centric models ITIL became known for. Instead, it embraces "complexity thinking," which initially sounds like consultant-speak but actually provides practical methodology for managing integrated products and services where AI is embedded from the ground up, not retrofitted as an afterthought.

ITIL 4 vs ITIL (Version 5): Key Differences

What's Changed in ITIL (Version 5) vs Earlier Versions?

ITIL (Version 5) represents a fundamental transformation in purpose, scope, and philosophy compared to earlier versions dating back to the late 1980s. The framework has undergone significant changes in how it approaches management, collaboration,  and decision-making.

What’s New in ITIL (Version 5)

The new framework for ITIL (Version 5) integrates product and service management into one discipline, breaking down the traditional walls between development teams and service operations. ITSM becomes a component rather than the defining scope. This shift matters because organizations no longer treat products and services as separate domains with separate teams and separate methodologies. The new ITIL recognizes that in AI-driven environments, the distinction between "building a product" and "delivering a service" has blurred considerably. They're managed as a unified whole.

It's also architected for Industry 5.0, which means human-centricity and resilience take center stage while AI shifts from optional add-on to core infrastructure. Think of it as ITIL rebuilt for environments where products evolve constantly, AI influences decisions at every level, and change isn't occasional... it's permanent.

ITIL (Version 5) also expands the framework and introduced 9 major changes:

1. Digital Product and Service Management replaces traditional ITSM
2. Eight-activity lifecycle model (from six)
3. Flexible "stepping stones" instead of rigid processes
4. AI-native design with dedicated governance
5. Complexity Thinking for unpredictable environments
6. Industry 5.0 focus on human-centricity
7. Streamlined practices (3 groups down to 2)
8. Mandatory Transformation module for advanced certs
9. Sustainability and Digital Experience as core priorities

1. Digital Product and Service Management replaces traditional ITSM

The framework now integrates digital products and services into a single unified approach, eliminating the silos that typically form between product development and service delivery. IT Service Management, while still relevant, no longer defines the entire scope.

2. Eight-activity lifecycle model (from six)

ITIL (Version 5) introduces a more granular Product and Service Lifecycle with eight distinct activities: Discover, Design, Acquire, Build, Transition, Operate, Deliver, and Support. This acknowledges that products and services aren't static... they're shaped and refined continuously.

3. Flexible "stepping stones" instead of rigid processes

Rather than following a prescribed linear path, the framework treats management activities as interconnected stepping stones. Organizations move between them based on context and complexity, which supports continuous delivery and rapid experimentation without breaking the model.

4. AI-native design with dedicated governance

This isn't AI bolted onto an existing framework. The new ITIL is fundamentally AI-native, introducing the ITIL AI Capability Model (6C) to classify AI functions like Cognition and Coordination. A dedicated AI Governance module ensures responsible, ethical deployment.

5. Complexity Thinking for unpredictable environments

The framework abandons rigid standardization in favor of Complexity Thinking... helping professionals adapt their responses to ordered, complex, or chaotic environments. Different situations require different approaches.

6. Industry 5.0 focus on human-centricity

Reflecting Industry 5.0 principles, Version 5 prioritizes human-centricity and resilience. The shift moves from "humans operating technology" to "humans collaborating with technology." Subtle difference, massive implications.

7. Streamlined practices (3 groups down to 2)

The 34 practices are now organized into two groups instead of three: General Management and Product and Service Management, which absorbed the former technical practices. Simpler taxonomy, easier navigation.

8. Mandatory Transformation module for advanced certs

ITIL Transformation is no longer optional for advanced designations. It's now required for Practice Manager, Managing Professional, and Strategic Leader pathways.

9. Sustainability and Digital Experience as core priorities

Sustainability and Digital Experience (DX) now share equal footing with utility and warranty as core quality characteristics. They're not supplementary concerns, they're foundational requirements.

What Has Not Changed from ITIL 4

Many core elements from ITIL 4 remain intact, ensuring the framework feels familiar while extending it to support modern organizational needs:

• The Guiding Principles, Four Dimensions, and Value System: These foundational models remain unchanged, continuing to guide how organizations approach value creation and holistic management
• All 34 management practices: The practices themselves haven't changed, just their organization (now streamlined into two groups instead of three)
• Core definitions of service, value, and co-creation: The framework still treats value as something co-created through active collaboration between providers and consumers
• Foundation exam format: Still a 60-minute, closed-book, 40-question exam with the same training and renewal requirements
• The ITIL brand: The name remains simply "ITIL," not an abbreviation or version number

Renewal and Maintenance Under ITIL (Version 5)

ITIL (Version 5) certifications follow a three-year renewal cycle, consistent with current ITIL 4 and PRINCE2 requirements. You can maintain certification status through one of three options:

• Log 20 CPD points per year for three consecutive years through a PeopleCert Plus membership
• Complete any other certification within the ITIL product suite
• Retake the same certification exam

The ITIL Transformation module serves as a universal requirement across all three ITIL (Version 5) designations. Passing this exam both renews your existing certification and counts toward advanced pathways, making it one of the most efficient renewal options.

Do I Need ITIL (Version 5) if I Already Have an ITIL 4 Certification?

No. ITIL 4 certifications continue to hold full value under ITIL (Version 5). Your ITIL 4 Foundation remains the recognized prerequisite for all advanced Version 5 certifications, and the knowledge you gained provides the foundation needed to understand the expanded guidance for digital product and service management. You can move directly into advanced ITIL (Version 5) modules without repeating Foundation.

There's no immediate pressure to upgrade. ITIL 4 and ITIL (Version 5) will run in parallel for at least 12 months, giving you time to complete any in-progress learning paths. ITIL 4 has no announced retirement date, and unused ITIL 4 Foundation exam vouchers can be exchanged for ITIL Foundation (Version 5) vouchers. This lets both individuals and organizations transition at a practical pace.

Guidance for ITIL v3 Certificate Holders

If you hold an ITIL v3 Foundation certificate rather than ITIL 4, the recommendation is different. Because ITIL (Version 5) introduces significant structural and conceptual changes, v3 holders are encouraged to complete ITIL (Version 5) Foundation training and pass the updated exam.

Should You Learn ITIL 4 or ITIL (Version 5)?

The right choice depends on where you are starting and what you need ITIL to support in the near term. Because ITIL 4 and ITIL (Version 5) will coexist, there is flexibility rather than a single required path.

Guidance for New Learners

If you are new to ITIL, ITIL (Version 5) Foundation is the recommended starting point. It reflects the current direction of the framework, introduces digital product and service management, and aligns more closely with AI influenced and data driven operating models. Starting with the new ITIL avoids learning something that will soon feel outdated. Not sure about the investment? Check out our guide on ITIL certification costs to understand what you'll be spending.

Guidance for Current ITIL 4 Candidates

If you are already preparing for ITIL 4 Foundation or have an exam scheduled, you do not need to stop. ITIL 4 Foundation remains valid and is fully recognized as a prerequisite for advanced ITIL (Version 5) certifications. Completing 4 can still be a practical choice if you are already in progress.

For those holding ITIL 4 certifications, the decision is less about upgrading and more about when to continue learning. Advanced ITIL (Version 5) modules can be pursued directly without repeating Foundation.

Considerations for Organizations Using ITIL

Organizations currently using ITIL 4 don't need to change course immediately, your existing practices and operating models remain applicable. But if you're working in areas involving digital products, AI governance, or transformation initiatives, there's real value in training your teams on ITIL (Version 5). The updated framework addresses the challenges you're likely facing right now, from data-driven decision-making to AI-influenced workflows.

You can introduce Version 5 gradually, starting with teams or projects where it'll have the biggest impact. This builds momentum without forcing everyone to retrain at once.

Ready to Take the Next Step with ITIL (Version 5)?

As ITIL continues to evolve, the key to real value is not just understanding the framework, but knowing how to apply it in real organizational contexts. New Horizons offers instructor-led ITIL training designed to help professionals and teams connect ITIL (Version 5) concepts to practical decision making, digital product delivery, and measurable outcomes.

Whether you are starting with ITIL Foundation (Version 5), transitioning from ITIL 4, or planning an advanced certification path, New Horizons provides experienced instructors, applied learning, and guidance aligned with current PeopleCert requirements.

Explore ITIL training with New Horizons to build skills that stay relevant as technology, products, and service models continue to change.

---

FAQS

Do I need to retake ITIL 4 to move to ITIL (Version 5)?

No. ITIL 4 Foundation remains fully recognized and does not need to be retaken to pursue ITIL (Version 5). Existing ITIL 4 certifications continue to serve as valid prerequisites for advanced Version 5 qualifications.

When will ITIL 4 be retired?

As of now, no retirement date has been announced for ITIL 4. ITIL 4 and ITIL (Version 5) will run in parallel for at least 12 months following the Version 5 release, giving individuals and organizations time to transition.

How does ITIL (Version 5) affect organizations already using ITIL 4?

Organizations using ITIL 4 do not need to make immediate changes. Existing practices, value streams, and operating models remain valid, and ITIL (Version 5) can be adopted gradually where it adds value, such as in digital product management or AI governance.

Does ITIL (Version 5) still use ITIL practices?

Yes. All 34 ITIL management practices remain part of the framework. In ITIL (Version 5), practices are reframed as enablers of value creation rather than the primary focus at the Foundation level, with deeper application covered at later stages.

Should I start with ITIL 4 or ITIL (Version 5)?

If you are new to ITIL, starting with ITIL Foundation (Version 5) is recommended because it reflects the current direction of the framework. If you are already preparing for ITIL 4 Foundation or have an exam scheduled, completing ITIL 4 remains a valid and recognized option.